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Leviticus 25 - Treasury of Scripture Knowledge vs Calvin John

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Leviticus 25

Leviticus 25:1

And the LORD spake unto Moses in mount Sinai, saying,

Exodus 19:1 In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out …

Numbers 1:1 And the LORD spoke to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, in the tabernacle …

Numbers 10:11,12 And it came to pass on the twentieth day of the second month, in …

Galatians 4:24,25 Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the …

Leviticus 25:2

Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye come into the land which I give you, then shall the land keep a sabbath unto the LORD.

When ye

Leviticus 14:34 When you be come into the land of Canaan, which I give to you for …

Deuteronomy 32:8,49 When the Most High divided to the nations their inheritance, when …

Deuteronomy 34:4 And the LORD said to him, This is the land which I swore to Abraham, …

Psalm 24:1,2 The earth is the LORD's, and the fullness thereof; the world, and …

Psalm 115:16 The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD's: but the earth has he …

Isaiah 8:8 And he shall pass through Judah; he shall overflow and go over, he …

Jeremiah 27:5 I have made the earth, the man and the beast that are on the ground, …

keep [heb] rest

Leviticus 23:32 It shall be to you a sabbath of rest, and you shall afflict your …

a sabbath

Leviticus 26:34,35 Then shall the land enjoy her sabbaths, as long as it lies desolate, …

Exodus 23:10 And six years you shall sow your land, and shall gather in the fruits thereof:

2 Chronicles 36:21 To fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the …

Leviticus 25:3

Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the fruit thereof;

Leviticus 25:4

But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, a sabbath for the LORD: thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.

Leviticus 25:20-23 And if you shall say, What shall we eat the seventh year? behold, …

Leviticus 26:34,35,43 Then shall the land enjoy her sabbaths, as long as it lies desolate, …

Exodus 23:10,11 And six years you shall sow your land, and shall gather in the fruits thereof…

2 Chronicles 36:21 To fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the …

Leviticus 25:5

That which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou shalt not reap, neither gather the grapes of thy vine undressed: for it is a year of rest unto the land.

groweth

2 Kings 19:29 And this shall be a sign to you, You shall eat this year such things …

Isaiah 37:30 And this shall be a sign to you, You shall eat this year such as …

thy vine undressed [heb] the separation

Leviticus 25:6

And the sabbath of the land shall be meat for you; for thee, and for thy servant, and for thy maid, and for thy hired servant, and for thy stranger that sojourneth with thee,

Exodus 23:11 But the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie still; that the …

Acts 2:44 And all that believed were together, and had all things common;

Acts 4:32,34,35 And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul…

Leviticus 25:7

And for thy cattle, and for the beast that are in thy land, shall all the increase thereof be meat.

Leviticus 25:8

And thou shalt number seven sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven years; and the space of the seven sabbaths of years shall be unto thee forty and nine years.

Leviticus 23:15 And you shall count to you from the morrow after the sabbath, from …

Genesis 2:2 And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and …

Leviticus 25:9

Then shalt thou cause the trumpet of the jubile to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of atonement shall ye make the trumpet sound throughout all your land.

of the jubilee to sound [heb] loud of sound

Numbers 10:10 Also in the day of your gladness, and in your solemn days, and in …

Psalm 89:15 Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound: they shall walk, …

Acts 13:38,39 Be it known to you therefore, men and brothers, that through this …

Romans 10:18 But I say, Have they not heard? Yes truly, their sound went into …

Romans 15:19 Through mighty signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of God; …

2 Corinthians 5:19-21 To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world to himself, …

1 Thessalonians 1:8 For from you sounded out the word of the Lord not only in Macedonia …

jubilee

Leviticus 25:10-12 And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout …

Leviticus 27:17,24 If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee, according to your …

Numbers 36:4 And when the jubilee of the children of Israel shall be…

the day

Leviticus 16:20,30 And when he has made an end of reconciling the holy place, and the …

Leviticus 23:24,27 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, In the seventh month, in …

Leviticus 25:10

And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubile unto you; and ye shall return every man unto his possession, and ye shall return every man unto his family.

proclaim

Exodus 20:2 I am the LORD your God, which have brought you out of the land of …

Ezra 1:3 Who is there among you of all his people? his God be with him, and …

Psalm 146:7 Which executes judgment for the oppressed: which gives food to the …

Isaiah 49:9,24,25 That you may say to the prisoners, Go forth; to them that are in …

Isaiah 61:1-3 The Spirit of the Lord GOD is on me; because the LORD has anointed …

Isaiah 63:4 For the day of vengeance is in my heart, and the year of my redeemed is come.

Jeremiah 34:8,13-17 This is the word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD…

Zechariah 9:11,12 As for you also, by the blood of your covenant I have sent forth …

Luke 1:74 That he would grant to us, that we being delivered out of the hand …

Luke 4:16-21 And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his …

John 8:32-36 And you shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free…

Romans 6:17,18 But God be thanked, that you were the servants of sin…

2 Corinthians 3:17 Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, …

Galatians 4:25-31 For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answers to Jerusalem …

Galatians 5:1,13 Stand fast therefore in the liberty with which Christ has made us …

1 Peter 2:16 As free, and not using your liberty for a cloak of maliciousness, …

2 Peter 2:19,20 While they promise them liberty, they themselves are the servants …

every man

Leviticus 25:13,26-28,33,34 In the year of this jubilee you shall return every man to his possession…

Leviticus 27:17-24 If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee, according to your …

ye shall return

Numbers 36:2-9 And they said, The LORD commanded my lord to give the land for an …

Leviticus 25:11

A jubile shall that fiftieth year be unto you: ye shall not sow, neither reap that which groweth of itself in it, nor gather the grapes in it of thy vine undressed.

A jubilee Respecting the literal meaning of the word [], yobel, or yovel, critics are not agreed. The most natural derivation of the word seems to be from [], hovil, the Hiphil form of [], yaval, to recall, restore, or bring back, because this year restored all slaves to their liberty, and brought back all alienated estates to their primitive owners. Accordingly the LXX. render it here [], a remission; and Josephus says it signifies [], liberty.

Leviticus 27:17 If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee, according to your …

ye shall

Leviticus 25:5-7 That which grows of its own accord of your harvest you shall not …

Leviticus 25:12

For it is the jubile; it shall be holy unto you: ye shall eat the increase thereof out of the field.

Leviticus 25:6,7 And the sabbath of the land shall be meat for you; for you, and for …

Leviticus 25:13

In the year of this jubile ye shall return every man unto his possession.

Leviticus 25:10 And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout …

Leviticus 27:17-24 If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee, according to your …

Numbers 36:4 And when the jubilee of the children of Israel shall be…

Leviticus 25:14

And if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour, or buyest ought of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not oppress one another:

Leviticus 25:17 You shall not therefore oppress one another; but you shall fear your …

Leviticus 19:13 You shall not defraud your neighbor, neither rob him…

Deuteronomy 16:19,20 You shall not wrest judgment; you shall not respect persons, neither …

Judges 4:3 And the children of Israel cried to the LORD: for he had nine hundred …

1 Samuel 12:3,4 Behold, here I am: witness against me before the LORD, and before …

2 Chronicles 16:10 Then Asa was wroth with the seer, and put him in a prison house; …

Nehemiah 9:36,37 Behold, we are servants this day, and for the land that you gave …

Job 20:19,20 Because he has oppressed and has forsaken the poor; because he has …

Psalm 10:18 To judge the fatherless and the oppressed, that the man of the earth …

Proverbs 14:31 He that oppresses the poor reproaches his Maker: but he that honors …

Proverbs 21:13 Whoever stops his ears at the cry of the poor, he also shall cry …

Proverbs 22:16 He that oppresses the poor to increase his riches, and he that gives …

Proverbs 28:3,8,16 A poor man that oppresses the poor is like a sweeping rain which …

Ecclesiastes 5:8 If you see the oppression of the poor, and violent perverting of …

Isaiah 1:17 Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the …

Isaiah 3:12-15 As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over …

Isaiah 5:7 For the vineyard of the LORD of hosts is the house of Israel, and …

Isaiah 33:15 He that walks righteously, and speaks uprightly; he that despises …

Isaiah 58:6 Is not this the fast that I have chosen? to loose the bands of wickedness, …

Jeremiah 22:17 But your eyes and your heart are not but for your covetousness, and …

Ezekiel 22:7,12,12,13 In you have they set light by father and mother: in the middle of …

Amos 5:11,12 For as much therefore as your treading is on the poor, and you take …

Amos 8:4-7 Hear this, O you that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor …

Micah 2:2,3 And they covet fields, and take them by violence; and houses, and …

Micah 6:10-12 Are there yet the treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, …

Micah 7:3 That they may do evil with both hands earnestly, the prince asks, …

Luke 3:14 And the soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what shall …

1 Corinthians 6:8 No, you do wrong, and defraud, and that your brothers.

James 5:1-5 Go to now, you rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall …

Leviticus 25:15

According to the number of years after the jubile thou shalt buy of thy neighbour, and according unto the number of years of the fruits he shall sell unto thee:

Leviticus 27:18-23 But if he sanctify his field after the jubilee, then the priest shall …

Leviticus 25:16

According to the multitude of years thou shalt increase the price thereof, and according to the fewness of years thou shalt diminish the price of it: for according to the number of the years of the fruits doth he sell unto thee.

Leviticus 25:17

Ye shall not therefore oppress one another; but thou shalt fear thy God: for I am the LORD your God.

shall not

Leviticus 25:14 And if you sell ought to your neighbor, or buy ought of your neighbor's …

fear

Leviticus 25:43 You shall not rule over him with rigor; but shall fear your God.

Leviticus 19:14,32 You shall not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling block before the …

Genesis 20:11 And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not …

Genesis 22:12 And he said, Lay not your hand on the lad, neither do you any thing …

Genesis 39:9 There is none greater in this house than I; neither has he kept back …

Genesis 42:18 And Joseph said to them the third day, This do, and live; for I fear God:

Exodus 20:20 And Moses said to the people, Fear not: for God is come to prove …

Deuteronomy 25:18 How he met you by the way, and smote the hindmost of you, even all …

1 Samuel 12:24 Only fear the LORD, and serve him in truth with all your heart: for …

2 Chronicles 19:7 Why now let the fear of the LORD be on you; take heed and do it: …

Nehemiah 5:9,15 Also I said, It is not good that you do…

Psalm 19:9 The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring for ever: the judgments of …

Proverbs 1:7 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise …

Jeremiah 22:16 He judged the cause of the poor and needy; then it was well with …

Malachi 3:5 And I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a swift witness …

Luke 12:5 But I will forewarn you whom you shall fear: Fear him, which after …

Acts 9:31 Then had the churches rest throughout all Judaea and Galilee and …

Acts 10:2,35 A devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, which gave …

Romans 3:18 There is no fear of God before their eyes.

Romans 11:20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by …

Leviticus 25:18

Wherefore ye shall do my statutes, and keep my judgments, and do them; and ye shall dwell in the land in safety.

Wherefore

Leviticus 19:37 Therefore shall you observe all my statutes, and all my judgments, …

Psalm 103:18 To such as keep his covenant, and to those that remember his commandments …

and ye

Leviticus 26:3-12 If you walk in my statutes, and keep my commandments, and do them…

Deuteronomy 12:10 But when you go over Jordan, and dwell in the land which the LORD …

Deuteronomy 28:1-14 And it shall come to pass, if you shall listen diligently to the …

Deuteronomy 33:12,28 And of Benjamin he said, The beloved of the LORD shall dwell in safety …

Psalm 4:8 I will both lay me down in peace, and sleep: for you, LORD, only …

Proverbs 1:33 But whoever listens to me shall dwell safely, and shall be quiet …

Jeremiah 7:3-7 Thus said the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, Amend your ways and …

Jeremiah 23:6 In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely: …

Jeremiah 25:5 They said, Turn you again now every one from his evil way, and from …

Jeremiah 33:16 In those days shall Judah be saved, and Jerusalem shall dwell safely: …

Ezekiel 33:24-26,29 Son of man, they that inhabit those wastes of the land of Israel …

Ezekiel 34:25-28 And I will make with them a covenant of peace, and will cause the …

Ezekiel 36:24-28 For I will take you from among the heathen, and gather you out of …

Leviticus 25:19

And the land shall yield her fruit, and ye shall eat your fill, and dwell therein in safety.

Leviticus 26:5 And your threshing shall reach to the vintage, and the vintage shall …

Psalm 67:6 Then shall the earth yield her increase; and God, even our own God, …

Psalm 85:12 Yes, the LORD shall give that which is good; and our land shall yield …

Isaiah 30:23 Then shall he give the rain of your seed, that you shall sow the …

Isaiah 65:21,22 And they shall build houses, and inhabit them; and they shall plant …

Ezekiel 34:25-28 And I will make with them a covenant of peace, and will cause the …

Ezekiel 36:30 And I will multiply the fruit of the tree, and the increase of the field…

Joel 2:24,26 And the floors shall be full of wheat, and the vats shall overflow …

Leviticus 25:20

And if ye shall say, What shall we eat the seventh year? behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase:

Numbers 11:4,13 And the mixed multitude that was among them fell a lusting: and the …

2 Kings 6:15-17 And when the servant of the man of God was risen early, and gone …

2 Kings 7:2 Then a lord on whose hand the king leaned answered the man of God, …

2 Chronicles 25:9 And Amaziah said to the man of God, But what shall we do for the …

Psalm 78:19,20 Yes, they spoke against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in …

Isaiah 1:2 Hear, O heavens, and give ear, O earth: for the LORD has spoken, …

Matthew 6:25-34 Therefore I say to you, Take no thought for your life, what you shall …

Matthew 8:26 And he said to them, Why are you fearful, O you of little faith? …

Luke 12:29 And seek not you what you shall eat, or what you shall drink, neither …

Philippians 4:6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication …

Hebrews 13:5,6 Let your conversation be without covetousness; and be content with …

Leviticus 25:21

Then I will command my blessing upon you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth fruit for three years.

I will As it is here graciously promised, that the sixth year was to bring forth fruits for three years, not merely for two, it is evident that both the sabbatical year and the year of Jubilee were distinctly provided for. They were not to sow from the sixth to the eighth year, omitting two seed times; nor reap from the sixth to the ninth, omitting two harvests. No legislator, unless conscious of being divinely commissioned, would have committed himself by enacting such a law as this; nor would any people have submitted to receive it, except in consequence of the fullest conviction that a divine authority had dictated it. It therefore stands as a proof that Moses acted by the express direction of the Almighty, and that the people were fully persuaded of the reality of his divine mission by the miracles he wrought.

Genesis 26:12 Then Isaac sowed in that land, and received in the same year an hundred …

Genesis 41:47 And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls.

Exodus 16:29 See, for that the LORD has given you the sabbath, therefore he gives …

Deuteronomy 28:3,8 Blessed shall you be in the city, and blessed shall you be in the field…

Psalm 133:3 As the dew of Hermon, and as the dew that descended on the mountains …

Proverbs 10:22 The blessing of the LORD, it makes rich, and he adds no sorrow with it.

2 Corinthians 9:10 Now he that ministers seed to the sower both minister bread for your …

three years

Leviticus 25:4,8-11 But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest to the land, a …

Leviticus 25:22

And ye shall sow the eighth year, and eat yet of old fruit until the ninth year; until her fruits come in ye shall eat of the old store.

eighth

2 Kings 19:29 And this shall be a sign to you, You shall eat this year such things …

Isaiah 37:30 And this shall be a sign to you, You shall eat this year such as …

old fruit

Joshua 5:11,12 And they did eat of the old corn of the land on the morrow after …

Leviticus 25:23

The land shall not be sold for ever: for the land is mine; for ye are strangers and sojourners with me.

The land

Leviticus 25:10 And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout …

1 Kings 21:3 And Naboth said to Ahab, The LORD forbid it me, that I should give …

Ezekiel 48:14 And they shall not sell of it, neither exchange, nor alienate the …

for ever. or, to be quite cut off [heb] for cutting off
for the land

Deuteronomy 32:43 Rejoice, O you nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood …

2 Chronicles 7:20 Then will I pluck them up by the roots out of my land which I have …

Psalm 24:1 The earth is the LORD's, and the fullness thereof; the world, and …

Psalm 85:1 Lord, you have been favorable to your land: you have brought back …

Isaiah 8:8 And he shall pass through Judah; he shall overflow and go over, he …

Hosea 9:3 They shall not dwell in the LORD's land; but Ephraim shall return …

Joel 2:18 Then will the LORD be jealous for his land, and pity his people.

Joel 3:2 I will also gather all nations, and will bring them down into the …

for ye are

Genesis 47:9 And Jacob said to Pharaoh, The days of the years of my pilgrimage …

1 Chronicles 29:15 For we are strangers before you, and sojourners, as were all our …

Psalm 39:12 Hear my prayer, O LORD, and give ear to my cry; hold not your peace …

Psalm 119:19 I am a stranger in the earth: hide not your commandments from me.

Hebrews 11:9-13 By faith he sojourned in the land of promise, as in a strange country, …

1 Peter 2:11 Dearly beloved, I beseech you as strangers and pilgrims, abstain …

Leviticus 25:24

And in all the land of your possession ye shall grant a redemption for the land.

redemption

Leviticus 25:27,31,51-53 Then let him count the years of the sale thereof, and restore the …

Romans 8:23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the first fruits …

1 Corinthians 1:30 But of him are you in Christ Jesus, who of God is made to us wisdom, …

Ephesians 1:7,14 In whom we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of …

Ephesians 4:30 And grieve not the holy Spirit of God, whereby you are sealed to …

Leviticus 25:25

If thy brother be waxen poor, and hath sold away some of his possession, and if any of his kin come to redeem it, then shall he redeem that which his brother sold.

Ruth 2:20 And Naomi said to her daughter in law, Blessed be he of the LORD, …

Ruth 3:2,9,12 And now is not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens you were? …

Ruth 4:4-6 And I thought to advertise you, saying, Buy it before the inhabitants, …

Jeremiah 32:7,8 Behold, Hanameel the son of Shallum your uncle shall come to you …

2 Corinthians 8:9 For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that, though he …

Hebrews 2:13,14 And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, Behold I and the …

Revelation 5:9 And they sung a new song, saying, You are worthy to take the book, …

Leviticus 25:26

And if the man have none to redeem it, and himself be able to redeem it;

himself be able to redeem it [heb] his hand hath attained, and found sufficiency

Leviticus 5:7 And if he be not able to bring a lamb, then he shall bring for his …

Leviticus 25:27

Then let him count the years of the sale thereof, and restore the overplus unto the man to whom he sold it; that he may return unto his possession.

Leviticus 25:50-53 And he shall reckon with him that bought him from the year that he …

Leviticus 25:28

But if he be not able to restore it to him, then that which is sold shall remain in the hand of him that hath bought it until the year of jubile: and in the jubile it shall go out, and he shall return unto his possession.

and in the

Leviticus 25:13 In the year of this jubilee you shall return every man to his possession.

he shall

Isaiah 35:9,10 No lion shall be there, nor any ravenous beast shall go up thereon, …

Jeremiah 32:15 For thus said the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Houses and fields …

1 Corinthians 15:52-54 In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the …

1 Thessalonians 4:13-18 But I would not have you to be ignorant, brothers, concerning them …

1 Peter 1:4,5 To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fades not …

Leviticus 25:29

And if a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold; within a full year may he redeem it.

A very proper difference is here made between houses in a city and houses in the country. The former might be redeemed any time in the course of a year; but after that time could not be redeemed, or go out with the Jubilee: the latter might be redeemed at any time; and if not redeemed must go out at the jubilee. The reason in both cases is sufficiently evident; the house in the city might be built merely for the purposes of trade or traffic--the house in the country was builded on, or attached to, the inheritance which God had divided to the respective families. It was therefore necessary that the same law should apply to the house as to the inheritance; which necessity did not exist with regard to the house in the city. And, as the house in the city might be purchased for the purpose of trade, it would be very inconvenient for the purchaser, when his business was established, to be obliged to remove.

Leviticus 25:30

And if it be not redeemed within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city shall be established for ever to him that bought it throughout his generations: it shall not go out in the jubile.

Leviticus 25:31

But the houses of the villages which have no wall round about them shall be counted as the fields of the country: they may be redeemed, and they shall go out in the jubile.

they may be redeemed [heb] redemption belongeth unto it

Psalm 49:7,8 None of them can by any means redeem his brother, nor give to God …

Leviticus 25:32

Notwithstanding the cities of the Levites, and the houses of the cities of their possession, may the Levites redeem at any time.

the cities
As the Levites had no inheritance in Israel, but only cities to dwell in; and consequently the houses in these cities were all they could call their own, therefore they could not be ultimately alienated.

Numbers 35:2-8 Command the children of Israel, that they give to the Levites of …

Joshua 21:1-45 Then came near the heads of the fathers of the Levites to Eleazar …

Leviticus 25:33

And if a man purchase of the Levites, then the house that was sold, and the city of his possession, shall go out in the year of jubile: for the houses of the cities of the Levites are their possession among the children of Israel.

a man purchase of the Levites. or, one of the Levites redeem them.
shall go

Leviticus 25:28 But if he be not able to restore it to him…

for the houses

Numbers 18:20-24 And the LORD spoke to Aaron, You shall have no inheritance in their …

Deuteronomy 18:1,2 The priests the Levites, and all the tribe of Levi, shall have no …

Leviticus 25:34

But the field of the suburbs of their cities may not be sold; for it is their perpetual possession.

Leviticus 25:23 The land shall not be sold for ever: for the land is mine, for you …

Acts 4:36,37 And Joses, who by the apostles was surnamed Barnabas, (which is, …

Leviticus 25:35

And if thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him: yea, though he be a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live with thee.

thy brother

Leviticus 25:25 If your brother be waxen poor, and has sold away some of his possession, …

Deuteronomy 15:7,8 If there be among you a poor man of one of your brothers within any …

Proverbs 14:20,21 The poor is hated even of his own neighbor: but the rich has many friends…

Proverbs 17:5 Whoever mocks the poor reproaches his Maker: and he that is glad …

Proverbs 19:17 He that has pity on the poor lends to the LORD; and that which he …

Mark 14:7 For you have the poor with you always, and whenever you will you …

John 12:8 For the poor always you have with you; but me you have not always.

2 Corinthians 8:9 For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that, though he …

James 2:5,6 Listen, my beloved brothers, Has not God chosen the poor of this …

fallen in decay [heb] his hand faileth
then

Psalm 37:26 He is ever merciful, and lends; and his seed is blessed.

Psalm 41:1 Blessed is he that considers the poor: the LORD will deliver him …

Psalm 112:5,9 A good man shows favor, and lends: he will guide his affairs with discretion…

Proverbs 14:31 He that oppresses the poor reproaches his Maker: but he that honors …

Luke 6:35 But love you your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for nothing …

Acts 11:29 Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined …

Romans 12:13,18,20 Distributing to the necessity of saints; given to hospitality…

2 Corinthians 9:1,12-15 For as touching the ministering to the saints, it is superfluous …

Galatians 2:10 Only they would that we should remember the poor; the same which …

1 John 3:17 But whoever has this world's good, and sees his brother have need, …

relieve [heb] strengthen
a stranger

Leviticus 19:34 But the stranger that dwells with you shall be to you as one born …

Exodus 23:9 Also you shall not oppress a stranger: for you know the heart of …

Deuteronomy 10:18,19 He does execute the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loves …

Matthew 25:35 For I was an hungered, and you gave me meat: I was thirsty, and you …

Hebrews 13:2 Be not forgetful to entertain strangers: for thereby some have entertained …

Leviticus 25:36

Take thou no usury of him, or increase: but fear thy God; that thy brother may live with thee.

usury

Exodus 22:25 If you lend money to any of my people that is poor by you, you shall …

Deuteronomy 23:19,20 You shall not lend on usury to your brother; usury of money, usury …

Nehemiah 5:7-10 Then I consulted with myself, and I rebuked the nobles, and the rulers, …

Psalm 15:5 He that puts not out his money to usury, nor takes reward against …

Proverbs 28:8 He that by usury and unjust gain increases his substance, he shall …

Ezekiel 18:8,13,17 He that has not given forth on usury, neither has taken any increase, …

Ezekiel 22:12 In you have they taken gifts to shed blood; you have taken usury and increase…

fear

Leviticus 25:17 You shall not therefore oppress one another; but you shall fear your …

Nehemiah 5:9,15 Also I said, It is not good that you do…

Leviticus 25:37

Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor lend him thy victuals for increase.

Leviticus 25:38

I am the LORD your God, which brought you forth out of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, and to be your God.

which

Exodus 20:2 I am the LORD your God, which have brought you out of the land of …

and to be

Leviticus 11:45 For I am the LORD that brings you up out of the land of Egypt, to …

Leviticus 22:32,33 Neither shall you profane my holy name; but I will be hallowed among …

Numbers 15:41 I am the LORD your God, which brought you out of the land of Egypt, …

Jeremiah 31:1,33 At the same time, said the LORD, will I be the God of all the families …

Jeremiah 32:38 And they shall be my people, and I will be their God:

Hebrews 11:16 But now they desire a better country, that is, an heavenly: why God …

Leviticus 25:39

And if thy brother that dwelleth by thee be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee; thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bondservant:

be sold

Exodus 21:2 If you buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the …

Exodus 22:3 If the sun be risen on him, there shall be blood shed for him; for …

Deuteronomy 15:12 And if your brother, an Hebrew man, or an Hebrew woman, be sold to …

1 Kings 9:22 But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no slaves: but they …

2 Kings 4:1 Now there cried a certain woman of the wives of the sons of the prophets …

Nehemiah 5:5 Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brothers, our children as …

Jeremiah 34:14 At the end of seven years let you go every man his brother an Hebrew, …

compel him to serve as [heb] serve thyself with him with the service of, etc.

Leviticus 25:46 And you shall take them as an inheritance for your children after …

Exodus 1:14 And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in mortar, and …

Jeremiah 25:14 For many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of them also: …

Jeremiah 27:7 And all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son's son, …

Jeremiah 30:8 For it shall come to pass in that day, said the LORD of hosts, that …

Leviticus 25:40

But as an hired servant, and as a sojourner, he shall be with thee, and shall serve thee unto the year of jubile:

Exodus 21:2,3 If you buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the …

Leviticus 25:41

And then shall he depart from thee, both he and his children with him, and shall return unto his own family, and unto the possession of his fathers shall he return.

then shall

Exodus 21:3 If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were …

John 8:32 And you shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.

Romans 6:14 For sin shall not have dominion over you: for you are not under the …

Titus 2:14 Who gave himself for us, that he might redeem us from all iniquity, …

shall return

Leviticus 25:10,28 And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout …

Leviticus 25:42

For they are my servants, which I brought forth out of the land of Egypt: they shall not be sold as bondmen.

my servants

Leviticus 25:55 For to me the children of Israel are servants; they are my servants …

Romans 6:22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, you …

1 Corinthians 7:21-23 Are you called being a servant? care not for it: but if you may be …

as bondsmen [heb] with the sale of a bondman

Leviticus 25:43

Thou shalt not rule over him with rigour; but shalt fear thy God.

rule

Leviticus 25:46,53 And you shall take them as an inheritance for your children after …

Exodus 1:13,14 And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor…

Exodus 2:23 And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: …

Exodus 3:7,9 And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people …

Exodus 5:14 And the officers of the children of Israel, which Pharaoh's taskmasters …

Isaiah 47:6 I was wroth with my people, I have polluted my inheritance, and given …

Isaiah 58:3 Why have we fasted, say they, and you see not? why have we afflicted …

Ephesians 6:9 And, you masters, do the same things to them, forbearing threatening: …

Colossians 4:1 Masters, give to your servants that which is just and equal; knowing …

but shalt

Leviticus 25:17 You shall not therefore oppress one another; but you shall fear your …

Exodus 1:17,21 But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded …

Deuteronomy 25:18 How he met you by the way, and smote the hindmost of you, even all …

Malachi 3:5 And I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a swift witness …

Leviticus 25:44

Both thy bondmen, and thy bondmaids, which thou shalt have, shall be of the heathen that are round about you; of them shall ye buy bondmen and bondmaids.

Exodus 12:44 But every man's servant that is bought for money, when you have circumcised …

Psalm 2:8,9 Ask of me, and I shall give you the heathen for your inheritance, …

Isaiah 14:1,2 For the LORD will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, …

Revelation 2:26,27 And he that overcomes, and keeps my works to the end, to him will …

Leviticus 25:45

Moreover of the children of the strangers that do sojourn among you, of them shall ye buy, and of their families that are with you, which they begat in your land: and they shall be your possession.

Isaiah 56:3-6 Neither let the son of the stranger, that has joined himself to the …

Leviticus 25:46

And ye shall take them as an inheritance for your children after you, to inherit them for a possession; they shall be your bondmen for ever: but over your brethren the children of Israel, ye shall not rule one over another with rigour.

And ye shall

Isaiah 14:2 And the people shall take them, and bring them to their place…

they shall be your bondmen for ever. [heb] ye shall serve your- selves with them.

Leviticus 25:39 And if your brother that dwells by you be waxen poor, and be sold …

ye shall not rule

Leviticus 25:43 You shall not rule over him with rigor; but shall fear your God.

Leviticus 25:47

And if a sojourner or stranger wax rich by thee, and thy brother that dwelleth by him wax poor, and sell himself unto the stranger or sojourner by thee, or to the stock of the stranger's family:

sojourner or stranger wax rich [heb] the hand of a stranger, etc. obtain, etc.

Leviticus 25:26 And if the man have none to redeem it, and himself be able to redeem it;

1 Samuel 2:7,8 The LORD makes poor, and makes rich: he brings low, and lifts up…

James 2:5 Listen, my beloved brothers, Has not God chosen the poor of this …

Leviticus 25:48

After that he is sold he may be redeemed again; one of his brethren may redeem him:

Leviticus 25:25,35 If your brother be waxen poor, and has sold away some of his possession, …

Nehemiah 5:5,8 Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brothers, our children as …

Galatians 4:4,5 But when the fullness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, …

Hebrews 2:11-13 For both he that sanctifies and they who are sanctified are all of …

Leviticus 25:49

Either his uncle, or his uncle's son, may redeem him, or any that is nigh of kin unto him of his family may redeem him; or if he be able, he may redeem himself.

or if he be

Leviticus 25:26 And if the man have none to redeem it, and himself be able to redeem it;

Leviticus 25:50

And he shall reckon with him that bought him from the year that he was sold to him unto the year of jubile: and the price of his sale shall be according unto the number of years, according to the time of an hired servant shall it be with him.

reckon

Leviticus 25:27 Then let him count the years of the sale thereof, and restore the …

price of his sale This was a very equitable law, both to the sojourner to whom the man was sold, and to the Israelite who had been sold. The Israelite might redeem himself, or one of his kindred might redeem him; but this must not be done to the prejudice of his master. They were therefore to reckon the years he must have served, from that time till the jubilee; and then taking the current wages of a servant, per year, at that time, multiply the remaining years by that sum, and the aggregate was to be given to his master for his redemption. The Jews hold that the kindred of such a person were bound, if in their power, to redeem him, lest he should be swallowed up among the heathen; and we find (ne

Leviticus 5:8 And he shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer that which …

according to the time

Leviticus 25:40,53 But as an hired servant, and as a sojourner, he shall be with you, …

Deuteronomy 15:18 It shall not seem hard to you, when you send him away free from you; …

Job 7:1,2 Is there not an appointed time to man on earth? are not his days …

Job 14:6 Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an …

Isaiah 16:14 But now the LORD has spoken, saying, Within three years, as the years …

Isaiah 21:16 For thus has the LORD said to me, Within a year, according to the …

Leviticus 25:51

If there be yet many years behind, according unto them he shall give again the price of his redemption out of the money that he was bought for.

Leviticus 25:52

And if there remain but few years unto the year of jubile, then he shall count with him, and according unto his years shall he give him again the price of his redemption.

jubilee The jubilee was a wonderful institution, and of great service to the religion, freedom, and independence of the Hebrews. It was calculated to prevent the rich from oppressing the poor, and reducing them to perpetual slavery; and to hinder their obtaining possession of all the lands by purchase, mortgage, or usurpation. It was further intended, that debts should not be multiplied too much, lest the poor should be entirely ruined; that slaves should not always continue in servitude; that personal liberty, equality of property, and the regular order of families might, as much as possible, be preserved; and that the people might thus be strongly attached to their country, lands, and inheritances.

Leviticus 25:53

And as a yearly hired servant shall he be with him: and the other shall not rule with rigour over him in thy sight.

Leviticus 25:43 You shall not rule over him with rigor; but shall fear your God.

Leviticus 25:54

And if he be not redeemed in these years, then he shall go out in the year of jubile, both he, and his children with him.

in these years, or, by these means
then

Leviticus 25:40,41 But as an hired servant, and as a sojourner, he shall be with you, …

Exodus 21:2,3 If you buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the …

Isaiah 49:9,25 That you may say to the prisoners, Go forth; to them that are in …

Isaiah 52:3 For thus said the LORD, You have sold yourselves for nothing; and …

Leviticus 25:55

For unto me the children of Israel are servants; they are my servants whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.

my servants

Leviticus 25:42 For they are my servants, which I brought forth out of the land of …

Exodus 13:3 And Moses said to the people, Remember this day, in which you came …

Exodus 20:2 I am the LORD your God, which have brought you out of the land of …

Psalm 116:16 O LORD, truly I am your servant; I am your servant, and the son of …

Isaiah 43:3 For I am the LORD your God, the Holy One of Israel, your Savior: …

Luke 1:74,75 That he would grant to us, that we being delivered out of the hand …

Romans 6:14,17,18 For sin shall not have dominion over you: for you are not under the …

Romans 6:22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, you …

1 Corinthians 7:22,23 For he that is called in the Lord, being a servant, is the Lord's …

1 Corinthians 9:19,21 For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant …

Galatians 5:13 For, brothers, you have been called to liberty; only use not liberty …


×

Leviticus 25

8. And thou shalt number seven. The third kind of Sabbath follows, which was composed of forty-nine, or seven times seven years. This was the most illustrious Sabbath, since the state of the people, both as to their persons and their houses and property, was renewed; and although in this way God had regard to the public good, gave relief to the poor, so that their liberty should not be destroyed, and preserved also the order laid down by Himself; still there is no question but that He thus added an additional stimulus to incite the Jews to honor the Sabbath. For it was a kind of imposing memorial of the sacred rest, to see slaves emancipated and become suddenly free; houses and lands returning to their former possessors who had sold them; and in fine all things assuming a new face. They called this year Jobel, from the sound of the ram’s horn, whereby liberty and the restitution of property were proclaimed; but as I have said, its main feature was the solemnity which shewed them to be separated from other nations to be a peculiar and holy nation to God; nay, the renewal of all things had reference to this, that being redeemed anew in the great Sabbath, they might entirely devote themselves to God their Deliverer.



20. And if ye shall say. Men will never be obedient to God’s precepts, unless their distrust of Him is corrected, and will be always ingenious in laying hold of pretexts for disobedience. The difficulty, however, in this matter was a specious excuse for the Jews; for famine might have destroyed them in these two years, since in the seventh year they neither sowed nor reaped; and for reaping they were obliged to wait till the end of the eighth year. Now, whence were they to get seed enough to sow after the land had rested for a whole year? It is not without reason, then, that God delivers them from this doubt, promising them that He will give such abundance in the sixth year as shall suffice for the two following ones. The phrase must be observed, that God would “command His blessing” in an especial manner, and beyond the usual course, so that the land should be twice or thrice more fertile. Hence is suggested to us no ordinary ground of confidence in asking for our daily bread. But this was a special promise, that food should not fail the Jews on account of the Sabbatical year; a manifestation of which God had already given in the desert, when supplied a double portion of manna to those who gathered it on the day before the Sabbath. Now-a-days this inconvenience is avoided by the industry of farmers, who so divide their acres that the land should never lie fallow altogether, but that one part should supply the deficiency of another. This distribution did not obtain with the Jews. Therefore God relieved them from the fear of famine down to the harvest of the eighth year; although He seems at the same time to accustom them to frugality, lest they should waste in intemperance and luxury what He afforded in sufficient abundance to last for two years. To this precept He alludes, when He declares by the Prophets that the land “enjoyed her Sabbaths,” when it had vomited forth its inhabitants, (2. h 36:21;) for since they had polluted it by violating the Sabbath, so that it groaned as if under a heavy burden, He says that it shall rest for a long continuous period, so as to compensate for the labor of many years.



23. The land shall not be sold for ever. Since the reason for this law was peculiar to the children of Abraham, its provisions can hardly be applied to other nations; for so equal a partition of the land was made under Joshua, that the inheritance was distributed amongst the several tribes and families; nay, in order that each man’s possession should be more sacred, the land had been divided by lot, as if God by His own hand located them in their separate stations. In fact, that allotment was, as it were, an inviolable decree of God Himself, whereby the memory of the covenant should be maintained, by which the inheritance of the land had been promised to Abraham and his posterity; and thus the land of Canaan was an earnest, or symbol, or mirror, of the adoption on which their salvation was founded. Wherefore it is not to be wondered at that God was unwilling that this inestimable benefit should ever be lost; and, lest this should be the case, like a provident father of a family, He laid a restraint on His children, to prevent them from being too prodigal; for, when a man has any suspicions of his heir, he forbids him to alienate the patrimony he leaves him. Such, therefore, was the condition of the ancient people; yet it cannot be indiscriminately transferred to other nations who have had no common inheritance given them. Some vestige of it appears in the right of redemption; (156) but, because that depends on the consent of the parties, and is also a special mode of contract, it has nothing to do with the law of Moses, which entirely restored both men and lands, (in the year of jubilee, (157)) That God should call the land of Canaan His, is, as it were, to assert His direct Lordship (158) (dominium,) as they call it, over it; as He immediately afterwards more clearly expresses His meaning, where He says that the children of Israel sojourn in it as His guests. (159) For although their condition was the best in which just and perpetual owners can be placed, still, as respected God, they were but His tenants (coloni,) only living there at His will. In fine, God claims the freehold (fundum) for Himself, lest the recollection of tits having granted it to them should ever escape them.



(156) “Redemptio in Law, a faculty or right of re-entering upon lands, etc., that have been sold and assigned, upon reimbursing the purchase-money with legal costs. Bargains wherein the faculty, or, as some call it, the equity of redemption is reserved, are only a kind of pignorative contracts. A certain time is limited, within which the faculty, of redemption shall be exercised; and beyond which it shall not extend. — Chambers’s Encyclopaedia.

(157) Added from Fr.

(158) “La seigneurie directe (qu’on appelle,) ou fonsiere.” — Fr.

(159) Addition in Fr. , “Ou fermiers, ou grangiers.”



24. And in all the land of your possession. Before the jubilee came, He permits not only the relations to redeem land sold by a poor man, but the seller also, if no other redeemer interposed. The same power was also given to relations amongst other nations, though with a different object, viz., the preservation of the family name; still, the seller was never allowed to redeem, unless a special clause to that effect was contained in the contract. But God desired that the lands should be retained by their legal possessor, in order that the people might deviate as little as possible from the division made by Joshua. Meanwhile, He had in view the private advantage of individuals; but in the perpetual succession to the land He considered Himself rather than men, in order that the recollection of His kindness should never be lost. Finally, He orders all lands to return in the year of jubilee to their original owners; and all sales to be cancelled, as if, in the fiftieth year, he renewed the lot for the division of the land.



29. And if a man sell a dwelling-house. He here distinguishes houses from lands, providing that the power of redemption should not extend beyond a year; and also, that the purchase should hold good even in the jubilee. A second distinction, however, is also added between different kinds of houses, viz., that houses in towns might be altogether alienated, whilst the condition of those in the country should be the same as that of the lands themselves, as being annexed so as to form part of them. As regarded houses fix towns, because they were sometimes burdensome to their owners, it was an advantage that they might pass into the hands of the rich who were competent to bear the expenses of building. Besides, a house does not supply daily food like a field, and it is more tolerable to be without a house than a field, in which you may work, and from the cultivation of which you may support yourself and family. But it was necessary to except houses in the country, because they were appendages to the land; for what use would there be in harvesting the fruits, if you had no place to store them in? Nay, what would it profit to possess a farm which you could not cultivate? for how could oxen plough without any stalls in its vicinity? Since, then, lands without farm-buildings or cottages are almost useless, and they cannot be conveniently separated, justly did God appoint that, in the year of Jubilee, every rural possession should revert to its former owner.



32. Notwithstanding the cities of the Levites. Another exception, that the Levites should recover the houses they had sold, either by the right of redemption, or gratuitously in the year of jubilee. And this is not only appointed out of favor to them, but because it concerned the whole people, that they should be posted like sentries in the place which God had assigned to them. As to the suburbs, or the lands destined for the support of their cattle, God forbids their alienation, because thus they would have forsaken their proper station and removed elsewhere; whereas it was of importance to the whole people that such a dispersion should not occur.



39. And if thy brother. He now proceeds further, i e. , that one who has bought his brother should treat him with humanity, and not otherwise than a hired servant. We have seen, indeed, just above, that the labor of a slave is estimated at twice as much, because the humanity of his master will never go so far as to indulge or spare his slave as if he were a hireling. It is not, therefore, without reason that God puts a restraint upon that rule, which experience shows to have been often tyrannical. Still He prescribes no more than heathen philosophers did, (150) viz., that masters should treat their slaves like hired servants. And this principle of justice ought to prevail towards all without exception; but since it was difficult to prescribe the same rule respecting strangers as respecting their brethren, a special law is enacted, that at least they should observe moderation towards their brethren, with whom they had a common inheritance and condition. First:. therefore, it is provided as to Hebrew slaves that they should not be treated harshly and contemptuously like captives ( mancipia;) and then that their slavery should come to an end in the year of jubilee. But here the question arises, since their liberty was before accorded to them in the, seventh year, why it is now postponed to the fiftieth? Some get over the difficulty by supposing that (151) if the jubilee occurred during the six years, they must then be set free, although they had not completed the whole term; but this is too forced a conjecture. The view that most approves itself to me is, that the word יבל, yobel, is extended to mean every seventh year, or, at any rate, that moderation towards those slaves is specially prescribed who were most exposed to violence and other injurious treatment. For they would not have dared to oppress at pleasure their slaves, who were soon afterwards to be free; but those who, by having their ears bored, had subjected themselves to the longer period of slavery, would have been more outrageously harassed, unless God had interposed. And this opinion I freely adopt, that although their slavery lasted to the jubilee, yet flint their masters were to treat them with moderation and humanity. This too is confirmed by what immediately follows, where it is enjoined that the children should be set free with their fathers, which did not take place in the seventh year.



(150) Seneca de Benef. 3:22. “Servus (ut placet Chrysippo) perpetuus mercenarius est.” See also Sen. Epp. 6:47, in which the following beautiful sentiment occurs: “Haec tamen mei praecepti summa est, Sic cum inferiore vivas, quemadmodum tecum superiorem velis vivere.”

(151) So the Hebrew doctors, and Ainsworth, Caietan, and Willet. Michaelis supposes that servants were regularly restored to freedom after six years’ service, (not on the Sabbatical year, but on the seventh from the sale;) but supposing them bought less than six years before the jubilee, they received their freedom on that year. Laws of Moses, vol. 2. p. 176. — Brightwell.



42. For they are my servants. God here declares that His own right is invaded when those, whom He claims as His property, are taken into subjection by another; for He says that He acquired the people as His own when He redeemed them from Egypt. Whence He infers that His right is violated if any should usurp perpetual dominion over a Hebrew. If any object that this is of equal force, when they only serve for a time, I reply, that though God might have justly asserted His sole ownership, yet He was satisfied with this symbol of it; and therefore that He suffered by indulgence that they should be enslaved for a fixed period, provided some trace of His deliverance of them should remain. In a word, He simply chose to apply this preventative lest slavery should altogether extinguish the recollection of His grace, although He allowed it to be thus smothered as it were. Lest, therefore, cruel masters should trust that their tyranny would be exercised with impunity, Moses reminds them that they had to do with God, who will at length appear as its avenger. Although the political laws of Moses are not now in operation, still the analogy is to be preserved, lest the condition of those who have been redeemed by Christ’s blood should be worse amongst us, than that of old of tits ancient people. To whom Paul’s exhortation refers:

“Ye masters, forbear threatening your slaves, knowing that both your and their Master is in heaven.” (152) (Eph 6:9.)



(152) See Margin of A. V.



44. Both thy bond-men, and thy bond-maids. What God here permits as regards strangers was everywhere customary among the Gentiles, viz., that their power over their slaves should exist not only until their death, but should continue in perpetual succession to their children; for this is the force of the expression, “ye shall possess them for your children,” that the right of ownership should pass to their heir’s also; nor is there a distinction made only as to perpetuity, (153) but also as to the mode of their treatment. For we must observe the antithesis, “ye shall make use of their service, but over his brother no man shall rule with rigor;” (154) whence it appears that a restraint was imposed upon them lest they should imperiously rule the children of Abraham, and not leave them half their liberty in comparison with the Gentiles. Not that a tyrannical or cruel exercise of power oyer strangers was allowed, but that God would have the race of Abraham, whose liberator lie was, exempted by certain privileges from the common lot.



(153) “Or la diversite d’entre les estrangers, et les enfans d’Israel n’est pas seulement mis, etc.;” now the diversity between strangers and the children of Israel is not only placed, etc. — Fr.

(154) See Margin of A.V. on Lev 25:46. “His in perpetuum tanquam servis utamini, popularibus vero vestris Israelitis ne severius imperetis.” — Dathe.



47. And if a sojourner or a stranger. A caution is here introduced as to the Israelites who had enslaved themselves to strangers. But by strangers understand only those who inhabited the land of Canaan; for, if any one ]lad been carried away into other countries, God would have enacted this law as to their redemption in vain. A power, therefore, of redeeming the slave is granted to his relatives, or, if he had himself obtained sufficient to pay his price, the same permission is accorded to himself. The mode and the form of this are then expressed: that a calculation of the time which remained before the jubilee should be made, and the period which had already elapsed should be subtracted from the sum, viz., if he had been sold for fifty shekels he should only pay ten shekels in the fortieth year, because only a fifth part of the time remained. But if none of his family aided him, and the unhappy man’s hope of redemption was frustrated, He commands that he should be set free in the jubilee year, in which a general enfranchisement took place as regarded the children of Abraham. The object of the law was, that none of those whom God had adopted, should be alienated from their race, and thus should depart from the true worship of God Himself. The whole of this is comprehended in the last verse, where God declares that the children of Abraham were His property, inasmuch as He had led them forth from the land of Egypt, and, on the other hand, that He is their peculiar God. For, whilst it was just that they should enjoy His blessing, so also it behooved that they should be kept sound in His pure and undivided worship; whereas, if they had been the slaves of Gentiles, not only would the elect people have been diminished in numbers, but circumcision would have been corrupted and a door opened to impious perversions. Yet God so mitigates His law as to lay no unjust burden upon sojourners, since He concedes more to them, with respect to Hebrew slaves, than to the natives of the land; for if they had sold themselves to their brethren, they went forth free in the seventh year, whilst their slavery under sojourners was extended to the fiftieth year. This exception only was introduced that the stranger who had bought slaves should enfranchise them on the payment of their value. Since God had previously promised to His people a large and manifold abundance of all good things, the poverty here adverted to could only occur from the curse of God; (155) we see, therefore, that of His incomparable loving-kindness He stretches forth His hand to the transgressors of His law; and, whilst He chastises them with poverty, still looks upon them, unworthy as they are, and provides a remedy for the ills which their own guilt had brought upon them.

(155) Addition in Fr. , “Et d’un juste chastiment de leurs pechez;” and as a just chastisement of their sins.




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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge by R. A. Torrey [ca. 1880]
Expanded version courtesy INT Bible ©2013, Used by permission
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