x

Biblia Todo Logo
idiomas
BibliaTodo Commentaries





«

Leviticus 1 - Treasury of Scripture Knowledge vs Calvin John vs Concise Bible

×

Leviticus 1

Leviticus 1:1

And the LORD called unto Moses, and spake unto him out of the tabernacle of the congregation, saying,

called

Exodus 19:3 And Moses went up to God, and the LORD called to him out of the mountain, …

Exodus 24:1,2,12 And he said to Moses, Come up to the LORD, you, and Aaron, Nadab, …

Exodus 29:42 This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations …

John 1:17 For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.

out of

Exodus 25:22 And there I will meet with you, and I will commune with you from …

Exodus 33:7 And Moses took the tabernacle, and pitched it without the camp, afar …

Exodus 39:32 Thus was all the work of the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation …

Exodus 40:34,35 Then a cloud covered the tent of the congregation, and the glory …

Leviticus 1:2

Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, If any man of you bring an offering unto the LORD, ye shall bring your offering of the cattle, even of the herd, and of the flock.

If any

Genesis 22:18,19 And in your seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because …

Genesis 4:3,5 And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the …

1 Chronicles 16:29 Give to the LORD the glory due to his name: bring an offering, and …

Romans 12:1,6 I beseech you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, that you …

Ephesians 5:2 And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us…

an offering {Korban}, from {karav} to approach, an introductory offering, or offering of access, in allusion to the {present} which is always required in the East, on being introduced to a superior.

Leviticus 1:3

If his offering be a burnt sacrifice of the herd, let him offer a male without blemish: he shall offer it of his own voluntary will at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD.

a burnt

Leviticus 6:9-13 Command Aaron and his sons, saying, This is the law of the burnt …

Leviticus 8:18,21 And he brought the ram for the burnt offering: and Aaron and his …

Genesis 8:20 And Noah built an altar to the LORD; and took of every clean beast, …

Genesis 22:2,8,13 And he said, Take now your son, your only son Isaac, whom you love, …

Exodus 24:5 And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which offered burnt …

Exodus 29:18,42 And you shall burn the whole ram on the altar: it is a burnt offering …

Exodus 32:6 And they rose up early on the morrow, and offered burnt offerings, …

Exodus 38:1 And he made the altar of burnt offering of shittim wood: five cubits …

Numbers 23:3,10,11,19,23,24,27 And Balaam said to Balak, Stand by your burnt offering, and I will …

Numbers 29:8-11,13 But you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a sweet smell; …

Isaiah 1:11 To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices to me? said the …

Hebrews 10:8-10 Above when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings and …

a male

Genesis 3:1 Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field which …

Genesis 4:23 And Lamech said to his wives, Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice; you …

Genesis 22:19-24 So Abraham returned to his young men, and they rose up and went together …

Exodus 12:5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: you …

Deuteronomy 15:21 And if there be any blemish therein, as if it be lame, or blind, …

Zechariah 13:7 Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is …

Malachi 1:14 But cursed be the deceiver, which has in his flock a male, and vows, …

Luke 1:35 And the angel answered and said to her, The Holy Ghost shall come …

John 1:36 And looking on Jesus as he walked, he said, Behold the Lamb of God!

Ephesians 5:27 That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having …

Hebrews 7:26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, …

Hebrews 9:14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal …

1 Peter 1:18,19 For as much as you know that you were not redeemed with corruptible …

his own

Leviticus 7:16 But if the sacrifice of his offering be a vow, or a voluntary offering, …

Leviticus 22:19,21 You shall offer at your own will a male without blemish, of the beeves, …

Exodus 35:5,21,29 Take you from among you an offering to the LORD: whoever is of a …

Exodus 36:3 And they received of Moses all the offering, which the children of …

Psalm 40:8 I delight to do your will, O my God: yes, your law is within my heart.

Psalm 110:3 Your people shall be willing in the day of your power, in the beauties …

2 Corinthians 8:12 For if there be first a willing mind, it is accepted according to …

2 Corinthians 9:7 Every man according as he purposes in his heart, so let him give; …

at the

Leviticus 16:7 And he shall take the two goats, and present them before the LORD …

Leviticus 17:4 And brings it not to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, …

Exodus 29:4 And Aaron and his sons you shall bring to the door of the tabernacle …

Deuteronomy 12:5,6,13,14,27 But to the place which the LORD your God shall choose out of all …

Ezekiel 20:40 For in my holy mountain, in the mountain of the height of Israel, …

John 10:7,9 Then said Jesus to them again, Truly, truly, I say to you, I am the …

Ephesians 2:18 For through him we both have access by one Spirit to the Father.

Leviticus 1:4

And he shall put his hand upon the head of the burnt offering; and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.

put

Leviticus 3:2,8,13 And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering, and kill it …

Leviticus 4:4,15,24,29 And he shall bring the bullock to the door of the tabernacle of the …

Leviticus 8:14,22 And he brought the bullock for the sin offering: and Aaron and his …

Leviticus 16:21 And Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, …

Exodus 29:10,15,19 And you shall cause a bullock to be brought before the tabernacle …

Numbers 8:12 And the Levites shall lay their hands on the heads of the bullocks: …

Isaiah 53:4-6 Surely he has borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did …

2 Corinthians 5:20,21 Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech …

be accepted

Leviticus 22:21,27 And whoever offers a sacrifice of peace offerings to the LORD to …

Isaiah 56:7 Even them will I bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful …

Romans 12:1 I beseech you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, that you …

Philippians 4:18 But I have all, and abound: I am full, having received of Epaphroditus …

atonement

Leviticus 4:20,26,31,35 And he shall do with the bullock as he did with the bullock for a …

Leviticus 5:6 And he shall bring his trespass offering to the LORD for his sin …

Leviticus 6:7 And the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD…

Leviticus 9:7 And Moses said to Aaron, Go to the altar, and offer your sin offering, …

Leviticus 16:24 And he shall wash his flesh with water in the holy place, and put …

Numbers 15:25,28 And the priest shall make an atonement for all the congregation of …

Numbers 25:13 And he shall have it, and his seed after him, even the covenant of …

2 Chronicles 29:23,24 And they brought forth the he goats for the sin offering before the …

Daniel 9:24 Seventy weeks are determined on your people and on your holy city, …

Romans 3:25 Whom God has set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood…

Romans 5:11 And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, …

Hebrews 10:4 For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should …

1 John 2:2 And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but …

Leviticus 1:5

And he shall kill the bullock before the LORD: and the priests, Aaron's sons, shall bring the blood, and sprinkle the blood round about upon the altar that is by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

kill

Leviticus 1:11 And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before the …

Leviticus 3:2,8,13 And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering, and kill it …

Leviticus 16:15 Then shall he kill the goat of the sin offering, that is for the …

2 Chronicles 29:22-24 So they killed the bullocks, and the priests received the blood, …

Micah 6:6 With which shall I come before the LORD, and bow myself before the …

the priests

Leviticus 1:11,15 And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before the …

2 Chronicles 35:11 And they killed the passover, and the priests sprinkled the blood …

Hebrews 10:11 And every priest stands daily ministering and offering oftentimes …

sprinkle

Leviticus 1:11 And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before the …

Leviticus 3:2,8,13 And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering, and kill it …

Exodus 24:6-8 And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basins; and half …

Exodus 29:16 And you shall slay the ram, and you shall take his blood, and sprinkle …

Numbers 18:17 But the firstling of a cow, or the firstling of a sheep, or the firstling …

2 Chronicles 35:11 And they killed the passover, and the priests sprinkled the blood …

Isaiah 52:15 So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths …

Ezekiel 36:25 Then will I sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean: …

Hebrews 12:24 And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of …

1 Peter 1:2 Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification …

Leviticus 1:6

And he shall flay the burnt offering, and cut it into his pieces.

Leviticus 7:8 And the priest that offers any man's burnt offering…

Genesis 3:21 To Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, …

Leviticus 1:7

And the sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire upon the altar, and lay the wood in order upon the fire:

fire

Leviticus 6:12,13 And the fire on the altar shall be burning in it; it shall not be …

Leviticus 9:24 And there came a fire out from before the LORD, and consumed on the …

Leviticus 10:1 And Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of them his censer, …

1 Chronicles 21:26 And David built there an altar to the LORD, and offered burnt offerings …

2 Chronicles 7:1 Now when Solomon had made an end of praying, the fire came down from …

Malachi 1:10 Who is there even among you that would shut the doors for nothing? …

lay

Genesis 22:9 And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham …

Nehemiah 13:31 And for the wood offering, at times appointed, and for the first …

Leviticus 1:8

And the priests, Aaron's sons, shall lay the parts, the head, and the fat, in order upon the wood that is on the fire which is upon the altar:

Leviticus 8:18-21 And he brought the ram for the burnt offering: and Aaron and his …

Leviticus 9:13,14 And they presented the burnt offering to him, with the pieces thereof, …

Exodus 29:17,18 And you shall cut the ram in pieces, and wash the inwards of him, …

1 Kings 18:23,33 Let them therefore give us two bullocks; and let them choose one …

Leviticus 1:9

But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water: and the priest shall burn all on the altar, to be a burnt sacrifice, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD.

inwards

Leviticus 1:13 But he shall wash the inwards and the legs with water: and the priest …

Leviticus 8:21 And he washed the inwards and the legs in water; and Moses burnt …

Leviticus 9:14 And he did wash the inwards and the legs, and burnt them on the burnt …

Psalm 51:6 Behold, you desire truth in the inward parts: and in the hidden part …

Jeremiah 4:14 O Jerusalem, wash your heart from wickedness, that you may be saved. …

Matthew 23:25-28 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for you make clean …

burn all

Leviticus 1:13,17 But he shall wash the inwards and the legs with water: and the priest …

Leviticus 3:11 And the priest shall burn it on the altar: it is the food of the …

Psalm 66:15 I will offer to you burnt sacrifices of fatted calves, with the incense …

Zechariah 13:7 Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is …

a sweet

Genesis 8:21 And the LORD smelled a sweet smell; and the LORD said in his heart, …

Ezekiel 20:28,41 For when I had brought them into the land, for the which I lifted …

2 Corinthians 2:15 For we are to God a sweet smell of Christ, in them that are saved, …

Ephesians 5:2 And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us…

Philippians 4:18 But I have all, and abound: I am full, having received of Epaphroditus …

Leviticus 1:10

And if his offering be of the flocks, namely, of the sheep, or of the goats, for a burnt sacrifice; he shall bring it a male without blemish.

of the flocks

Leviticus 1:2 Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them, If any man of you …

Genesis 4:4 And Abel, he also brought of the firstborn of his flock and of the …

Genesis 8:20 And Noah built an altar to the LORD; and took of every clean beast, …

Isaiah 53:6,7 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his …

John 1:29 The next day John sees Jesus coming to him, and said, Behold the …

a burnt sacrifice. Olah, a burnt offering, from alah, to ascend, because this offering ascended, as it were, to God in flame and smoke, being wholly consumed; for which reason its is called in the Septuagint, [], a whole burnt offering. This was the most important of all the sacrifices; and no part of it was eaten either by the priest or the offerer, but the whole was offered to God. It has been sufficiently shown by learned men, that almost every nation of the earth, in every age, had their burnt offerings, from the persuasion that there was no other way to appease the incensed gods; and they even offered human sacrifices, because they imagined that life was necessary to redeem life, and that the gods would be satisfied with nothing less.

a male

Leviticus 1:3 If his offering be a burnt sacrifice of the herd, let him offer a …

Leviticus 4:23 Or if his sin, wherein he has sinned, come to his knowledge; he shall …

Leviticus 22:19 You shall offer at your own will a male without blemish, of the beeves, …

Malachi 1:14 But cursed be the deceiver, which has in his flock a male, and vows, …

Leviticus 1:11

And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before the LORD: and the priests, Aaron's sons, shall sprinkle his blood round about upon the altar.

he shall

Leviticus 1:5 And he shall kill the bullock before the LORD: and the priests, Aaron's …

Exodus 40:22 And he put the table in the tent of the congregation, on the side …

Ezekiel 8:5 Then said he to me, Son of man, lift up your eyes now the way toward …

northward

Leviticus 6:25 Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, This is the law of the sin offering…

Leviticus 7:2 In the place where they kill the burnt offering shall they kill the …

and the

Leviticus 1:7-9 And the sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire on the altar, and …

Leviticus 9:12-14 And he slew the burnt offering; and Aaron's sons presented to him …

Leviticus 1:12

And he shall cut it into his pieces, with his head and his fat: and the priest shall lay them in order on the wood that is on the fire which is upon the altar:

Leviticus 1:6-8 And he shall flay the burnt offering, and cut it into his pieces…

Leviticus 1:13

But he shall wash the inwards and the legs with water: and the priest shall bring it all, and burn it upon the altar: it is a burnt sacrifice, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD.

Leviticus 1:9 But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water: and the priest …

Leviticus 1:14

And if the burnt sacrifice for his offering to the LORD be of fowls, then he shall bring his offering of turtledoves, or of young pigeons.

of fowls

Leviticus 5:7 And if he be not able to bring a lamb, then he shall bring for his …

Leviticus 12:8 And if she be not able to bring a lamb, then she shall bring two …

Matthew 11:29 Take my yoke on you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in …

Luke 2:24 And to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law …

2 Corinthians 8:12 For if there be first a willing mind, it is accepted according to …

Hebrews 7:26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, …

Leviticus 1:15

And the priest shall bring it unto the altar, and wring off his head, and burn it on the altar; and the blood thereof shall be wrung out at the side of the altar:

wring off his head. or, pinch off the head with the nail

Leviticus 5:8 And he shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer that which …

Psalm 22:1,21 My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? why are you so far from …

Psalm 69:1-21 Save me, O God; for the waters are come in to my soul…

Isaiah 53:4,5,10 Surely he has borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did …

Matthew 26:1-27:66 And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished all these sayings, he …

1 John 2:27 But the anointing which you have received of him stays in you, and …

Leviticus 1:16

And he shall pluck away his crop with his feathers, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, by the place of the ashes:

his feathers. or, the filth thereof

Luke 1:35 And the angel answered and said to her, The Holy Ghost shall come …

1 Peter 1:2 Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification …

by the place

Leviticus 4:12 Even the whole bullock shall he carry forth without the camp to a …

Leviticus 6:10,11 And the priest shall put on his linen garment, and his linen breeches …

Leviticus 16:27 And the bullock for the sin offering, and the goat for the sin offering, …

Hebrews 13:11-14 For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary …

Leviticus 1:17

And he shall cleave it with the wings thereof, but shall not divide it asunder: and the priest shall burn it upon the altar, upon the wood that is upon the fire: it is a burnt sacrifice, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD.

shall not

Genesis 15:10 And he took to him all these, and divided them in the middle, and …

Psalm 16:10 For you will not leave my soul in hell; neither will you suffer your …

Matthew 27:50 Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud voice, yielded up the ghost.

John 19:30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: …

Romans 4:25 Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised again for our justification.

1 Peter 1:19-21 But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish …

1 Peter 3:18 For Christ also has once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, …

it is

Leviticus 1:9,10,13 But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water: and the priest …

Genesis 8:21 And the LORD smelled a sweet smell; and the LORD said in his heart, …

Hebrews 10:6-12 In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin you have had no pleasure…

Hebrews 13:15,16 By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually, …


×

Leviticus 1

1. And the Lord called unto Moses. In these seven chapters Moses will treat generally of the sacrifices. But since we read of many things here, the use of which has passed away, and others, the grounds of which I do not understand, I intend to content myself with a brief summary, from whence, however, the reader may fully perceive that whatever has been left to us relative to the legal sacrifices is even now profitable, provided we are not too curious. Let those who choose to hunt for allegories receive the praise they covet; my object is only to profit my readers, and it will suffice briefly to sum up what I think useful to be known. Although in this chapter burnt-offerings only are treated of, yet the rule which is laid down respecting them has a more extensive application, since Moses teaches what animals God would have offered to Him, so as that they may be acceptable, and also by whom and with what ceremonies they are to be offered. He enumerates three kinds, of the herd, of the flocks, and of fowls; for the case of the red heifer, from which the ashes of atonement were made, was different and peculiar; and here the question is as to the ordinary sacrifices, by which private individuals used either to atone for their sins or to testify their piety. He commands, therefore, that the cattle as well as the lambs and kids should be males, and also perfect and free from all blemish. We see, then, that only clean animals were chosen for the sacrifices, and again that all clean animals did not please God, but only domestic ones, such as allow themselves to be directed by the hand and will of men. For, though deer and roes are sometimes tamed, yet God did not admit them to His altar. This, then, was the first rule of obedience, that men should not offer promiscuously this or that victim, but bulls or bull-calves of their herds, and male lambs or kids of their flocks. Freedom from blemish is required for two reasons; for, since the sacrifices were types of Christ, it behooved that in all of them should be represented that complete perfection of His whereby His heavenly Father was to be propitiated; and, secondly, the Israelites were reminded that all uncleanness was repudiated by God lest his service should be polluted by their impurity. But whilst God exhorted them to study true sincerity, so he abundantly taught them that unless they directed their faith to Christ, whatsoever came from them would be rejected; for neither would the purity of a brute animal have satisfied Him if it had not represented something better. In the second place, it is prescribed that whosoever presented a burnt-offering should lay his hand on its head, after he had come near the door of the tabernacle. This ceremony was not only a sign of consecration, but also of its being an atonement, (249) since it was substituted for the man, as is expressed in the words of Moses, “And it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.” (Lev 1:4.) There is not, then, the least doubt but that they transferred their guilt and whatever penalties they had deserved to the victims, in order that they might be reconciled to God. Now, since this promise could not have been at all delusive, it must be concluded that in the ancient sacrifices there was a price of satisfaction which should release them from guilt and blame in the judgment of God; yet still not as though these brute animals availed in themselves unto expiation, except in so far as they were testimonies of the grace to be manifested by Christ. Thus the ancients were reconciled to God in a sacramental manner by the victims, just as we are now cleansed through baptism. Hence it follows that these symbols were useful only as they were exercises unto faith and repentance, so that the sinner might learn to fear God’s wrath, and to seek pardon in Christ.



(249) Lat., “ piaculum.” Fr., “ mais aussi de la malediction a cause du peche."



5. And he shall kill the bullock. The ceremony of killing is subjoined, viz., that the priest should prepare the victim itself, and pour its blood upon the altar, for it was not allowable for a private person to kill the victim with his own hands, but what the priest did in their name was transferred to them. (250) But this is worth remarking, that although they brought the pledge of reconciliation from their home, yet that the ministers of expiation were to be sought elsewhere, since no one was competent for so illustrious an office, save he who was graced by the holy unction of God. It was, therefore, plainly manifested that all mortals are unworthy of coming near God to propitiate Him, and that the hands of all are in a manner polluted or profane except those which God himself has purged. For the honor of sacrificing came from nowhere else but from the grace of the Spirit, of which the external anointing was a pledge. We now understand how it was that individuals offered sacrifices to God, and yet that the priest alone performed this office. The altar was sprinkled with the blood, that the people might know that the blood poured from the victim did not fall on the ground, but was consecrated to God, and breathed, as it were, a sweet savor; just as now the blood of Christ appears before His face. I pass by the rest, since it does not seem worth while to enlarge on the third kind of offering, i.e., of the birds. Yet we must recollect that thus far Moses only speaks of the burnt-offerings, whose flesh was burned; for this was not the case with all, as we shall see hereafter. Although, then, it is twice said that “the priests shall lay the parts, the head and the fat,” etc., we must not understand it as if he only commanded the fat and the head to be burned, but that nothing was to be left the skin. Some think that פדר pheder, (251) is a dissevered head, nor do I reject their opinion, provided we do not exclude the fat. Whatever was filthy in the victim, God would have to be washed, that it might not contaminate it. The question now arises why it was burned either wholly or partially. My own opinion is, that by the fire the efficacy of the Spirit is represented, on which all the profit of the sacrifices depends; for unless Christ had suffered in the Spirit, He would not have been a propitiatory sacrifice. Fire, then, was as the condiment which gave their true savor to the sacrifices, because the blood of Christ was to be consecrated by the Spirit, that it might cleanse us from all the stains of our sins. This God would have more fully represented in the burnt-offerings, yet no victim was offered of which some part was not consumed by fire.

(250) “It is interesting to notice here, (says Bonar, in loco,) that Outram, Witzius, and others, seem to have proved that in patriarchal ages every man might offer his own sacrifice. The patriarchal ages were taught that every man must take Christ for himself personally. In the Mosaic economy, however, this is altered; there is another truth to be shewn forth. Any one (2. h 30:17) might kill the animal — any common Levite, or even the offerer himself — for there may be many executioners of God’s wrath. Earth and hell were used in executing the Father’s purpose toward the Prince of Life. But there is only one appointed way for dispensing mercy, and therefore only priests must engage in that act that signified the bestowal of pardon.” He appears, however, to be singular in his opinion that any but a Levite might kill the victim.

(251) This word only occurs here, and in Lev 1:12, and Lev 8:20. S.M. says that the Jewish expositors declare it to mean that fat, or network of fat which is found upon the liver, and with which the severance (locus de-collationis ) of the head was covered, when the head was put upon the fire. It is not easy to discover who may have said that it meant a dissevered head. — W. “Some translate it (says Poole, in loco) the body, or the trunk of the body, (whence, perhaps, C. ’s error.) So the ancient Hebrews quoted in Fagius; so Vatablus, Grotius, Malvenda, Mercerus in Bochart."




×

Leviticus 1

THE BURNT OFFERING

There are five offerings in chapters 1-7, and these five include all the offerings and sacrifices referred to in the history of Israel. It will simplify matters if we remember this. Sometimes offerings are presented for the priest himself, sometimes for the nation, a ruler of the nation, or a common individual; sometimes the offering is a bullock, sometimes a sheep, a goat, a turtle dove, or a pigeon; but in any case, it is always one of these five offerings. Chapter 7, for example, refers to offerings for vows, thanksgiving offerings and voluntary offerings, but these are all simply different aspects of one of the five, namely, the trespass offering.

It should not be supposed that these offering in themselves satisfied God (Heb 10:4), but their importance lay in what they symbolized, namely, the person and work of the Lord Jesus Christ.

These five offerings, again, may be divided into three kinds. The first two (that is, the burnt and the meal offerings) are forms of dedication by which the surrender of the offerer to God’s perfect service is expressed. The third (the peace offering) is really an offering of thanksgiving by which the offerer expresses his praise to God and communion with Him. The last two (the sin and the trespass offerings) are those of expiation, and deal with the removal of sin and pardon of its guilt.

The order in which these five are revealed here is not that in which Israel presented them, but in their actual use the sin and trespass offerings came first. Then in the consciousness that sin was put away and pardon secured through those offerings the burnt and meal offerings followed, by which their desire to devote themselves to God wholly for His service was expressed. Lastly, in the peace of a cleansed conscience and a surrendered life the peace offering was presented, expressing fellowship and communion with God. See 2Ch 29:21-31 for an illustration of the order in which the offerings were presented.

THE BURNT OFFERING

Which offering is first referred to (Lev 1:3)? It is probably called the burnt offering from a Hebrew word which means “that which ascends.” It is distinguished from the other offerings, in that the whole of it was consumed upon the altar, and none of it was eaten by either the offerer or the priest. The typical significance of this is as follows: (1) it acknowledged God’s claim for the perfect services and entire devotedness of the offerer; (2) it acknowledged that the offerer was destitute of that service and devotedness, and hence presented as substitute in his stead; (3) it acknowledged that the absence of this service and devotedness involved guilt and deserved death, hence the slaying of the substitute; and (4) it acknowledged that because no such service and devotedness was found in the offerer he needed an offering to be wholly accepted in his place as a sweet savor to God.

How is the acknowledgment of the final point above expressed in the first specification of the burnt offering (Lev 1:3)? What class of victim is referred to here? Of what sex and quality must it be? We thus see that God claims the best as to strength, energy and perfectness (compare Mal 1:8; Mal 1:13). Christ is the only and absolutely perfect One.

What other kinds of victims might be used in the burnt offerings (Lev 1:10; Lev 1:14)? It is difficult to say why these varieties were permitted. Some think they represent consideration for the poor, who might be unable to present those more costly; others say they represent different aspects of Christ, as (for example) service in the case of the bullock, submission in the case of the lamb, mourning innocence in the case of the dove; while others that they represent different degrees of faith or apprehension of Christ on the part of believers, some being more feeble than others in their apprehension of Christ having only a partial recognition of what He has done or what He is to them.

THE RITUAL OF THE BURNT OFFERING

Seven features constitute the ritual of the burnt offering, as follows:

1. the presentation (Lev 1:3).

2. the laying on of hands (Lev 1:4).

3. the slaying of the victim (Lev 1:5).

4. the sprinkling of the blood (Lev 1:5).

5. the separating of the pieces (Lev 1:6).

6. the washing of the pieces (Lev 1:9).

7. the burning of the whole (Lev 1:9).

Concerning the presentation, who was obliged to make it (Lev 1:2)? That the offerer should do this was doubtless to represent his individual confession of his need, his individual acceptance of God’s way of salvation, and his individual recognition of the excellency of his offering. The Revised Version adds a thought to Lev 1:3 namely, that the offerer is to present his offering in order that he may be accepted. In other words, it is not enough for a man to praise God, or even to see to serve Him, until he first is accepted before God, and for this acceptance of himself he requires a propitiatory offering. God is thus satisfied by the perfectness in the offering. In the sin offering the atonement is for sin and not acceptance, but here in the burnt offering the worshipper comes without sin. That, therefore, which he offers is received as a sweet savor by the Lord (Eph 5:2), and on the ground of it the service of the offerer is received. Note, where the offering was to be presented, namely, at the door of the Tabernacle. This not only to guard against idolatry in groves, or to compel men to worship as God appointed, but to provide for publicity (see Mat 10:32; Rom 10:9-10).

The laying on of hands (Lev 1:4) is instructive. The act implied the identification of the offerer with the offering not only, but also the transfer of his obligation of guilt to it as his substitute. What expression in this verse proves that the offering was in his stead? (Compare to Lev 16:21; Numbers 8-11 RV; 1Pe 1:24.

Who should kill the victim, the offerer or the priest (Lev 1:5)? The fact that the offerer did this signifies each individual’s responsibility for his own sin.

But who sprinkled the blood? That the priest should do this shows us Jesus presenting our offering of Himself before God.

The flaying and cutting were done by the offerer (Lev 1:6). Some would say that this was to render the parts more convenient for burning; others say it signifies a minute appreciation on the part of the offerer of the excellence of his offering. The application of this to the believer on Christ is clear.

The burning of the whole is important, since it signifies the ascending of the offering in consecration to God, and His acceptance of it (9:24). As He taught the Israelites that complete consecration to God is essential to right worship, so He teaches us that Christ represented us in perfect consecration and surrender (Joh 17:19; Rom 5:19; Heb 10:5-39). He died that we might not die, but it does not follow that since He was consecrated for us we need not be consecrated. This will be referred to later, but just now examine Rom 12:1.

QUESTIONS

1. How many offerings are included in “the Law of the Offering”?

2. What do they symbolize?

3. Name them, and describe their meaning.

4. In what order did Israel present them?

5. What spiritual acknowledgments were involved in the burnt offering?

6. Name the seven features of its ritual.

7. State the spiritual significance of the presentation.

8. Do the same for the laying on of hands.

9. Who killed the victim, and what did it signify?

10. What was signified by the burning?




»

Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge by R. A. Torrey [ca. 1880]
Expanded version courtesy INT Bible ©2013, Used by permission
Follow us:



Advertisements